Voting-machine.



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Nc. 885,689. 'PATENTED APR. 21, 1908; J. W. NUNAMAKBR.

VOTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15, .1903.

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No 885,639. PATENTED APR. 21, 1908 .T. w. NUNAMAKER.

VOTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15, 1903;

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No. 885,639. PATENTED APR. 21, 1908.

J. W. NUNAMAKER. VOTING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15, 1903.

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No. 885,639. PATENTED APR 21, 1908. J. W. NUNAMAKER.

VOTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15, 1903.

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No. 885,639. PATBNTED APR. 21, 1 908. (I. w. NUNAMAKER.

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No. 885,689. PATENTED APR. 21, 1908. J. W. NUNAMAKER.

VOTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED mm: 15. 1903.

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No. 885,639. 'PATENTED APR. 21, 1908.

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VOTING MAGHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 16, 1903.

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PATENTED APR. 21, 1908.

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APPLICATION FILED JUN}! 15, 1903.

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No. 885,639. PATENTED APR. 21, 1908.

- J. w. NUNAMAKBR.

VOTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15, 1903.

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plan view of the machine.

UNITED sTA Es PATENT onnron.

JOHN W. NUNAMAKER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIG-NOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO ADOLPH J. BORGMEIER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

VOTIN G-MA CHINE.

Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvemen ts in Voting-Machines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

This invention relates to machines for the purpose of'indicating votes cast at public elections, and for like purposes.

It consists in the features of construction set out in the claims.

In the drawings:Figure 1 is a forward side elevation of my machine. Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are successive portions of a fore-and-aft vertical section at the line, 2, 3, 4, on Fig. 1, being in the order of their numbersfrom' the top to the bottom. of the machine. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section at the line, 5-5, on Fig. 2, through a portion of the machine at the right hand end. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section at the line, 6-6, on Fig. 3, showing portions of a complete section at said plane at different parts of the length of the machine, intermediate and end portions being broken away to condense the view. Fig. 7 is a detail section at the vertical plane indicated by the line, 7-7,'on Figs. 2, 3 and 5. Fig. 8 is a vertical fore-and-aft section at the plane indicated by the line, 88, on Fig. 10, but showing only a lower portion of the machine at such section as indicated by the position of the line, 88, on Fig. 1. Fig. 9 1s asection at the plane of the line, 99', on Fig. 7, covering substantially the samevertical extent of the machine as Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a horizontal section at the plane of the line, 10-10, on Fig. 8. Fig. 11 is a horizontal section at the line, ll ll, on Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a horizontal section through the right hand end portion of the machine at the plane indicated by the line, 12-12, on Figs. 1 and 2. I Fig. 13 is a vertical fore-and-aft section at the line, 1313, on Fig. 12. Fig. 1.4 is a detail section at the line, 14.14, on Fig. 4. Fig. 15 is a detail vertical section at the line, 15-15, on Fig. 5. Fig. 16 is a detail top Fig. 17 is a detail end elevation of the same. Fig. 18 is a detail section at the line, 1818, on Fig. 2. Fig. 19 is a detail section at the line, 1919, on Fig. 5. Figs. 20, 21 and 22 are detail sections at thelines, 20-20, 2121, and 22-22,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 15, 1903.

Patented April 21, 1908.

Serial No. 161,544.

respectively, on Fig. 5. Fig. 23 is an edge elevation of three of the registering wheels with their shaft, said wheels being shown separated. Fig. 24 is a similar view of the three wheels assembled on their shaft. Fig. 25 is an axial section of the same. Fig. 26 is a detail section at the line, 2626, on Fig. 5. Fig. 27 shows an edge elevation of the three wheels on one shaft which mesh with the three register wheels shown 'in Fig. 24, and which appear in plan view in Fig. 5. Fig. 28 shows said three wheels separated, and their shaft in connection with one of them. Fig. 29 is a top plan of the train shown in Fig. 26.

Fig. 30 is a section at the line, 3030, on.

Fig. 29. Fig. 31 is a detail elevation showing two cooperating wheels of the train seen in Fig. 30 in different relative positions. Figs. 32, 33 and 34 are details showing in elevation at three different positions certain cooperating cam structures pertaining to the devices for distributing cumulative votes. Fig. 35 is a detail vertical section at the plane indicated by the line, 35-35, on'Fig. 12. Fig. 36 is a horizontal section at the plane indicated by the line, 36-36, on Fig. 1 and also on Fig. 37. Fig. 37 is a vertical section at the line, 37-37, on Fig. 36.

This voting machine is contained within an outer case or cabinet, of which the front and rear walls, 1 and 2, and the to 3,appear clearly in sectionv in Fig. 2, the 'ottom appearing in Fig. 4, the left-hand end wall being shown in. section in Fig. 10, and appearing in exterior view in Fig. 1.7, while the righthand end wall is shown in horizontal section in Fig. 12. The entire case may be supported by any convenient form of standards, as, for example, A-frames, 12, of which one is attached to the left-hand end in Fig. 17. For the purpose of insuring the desired privacy for the voter in registering his vote, a space at the forward side of the machine is arranged to be inclosed to form a booth of which the case of the machine forms one wall. For the other three walls a threesided frame or bail, 7, is pivotally attached at the ends of its side bars to the ends of the case at the upper part, and adapted to fold down about the case when it is stored away; but when extended into the horizontal position projecting forward from the top of the case, it is upheld by spring dogs, 8, 8, which must be thrust in to let it down. On two sides of this frame there are mounted cu."-

tains, 9, 9. which, when let down, reach the floor and having rods to stiffen them at the lower ends are designed to be stretched tight and secured to screw eyes, 9, in the floor when the machine is in use, being also laced together at the corners so as to close up the space against any espionage of the voter; and to prevent the voter from being watched by means of mirrors from above, a ceiling, 9 of white muslin may be stretched on the frame, 7.

The booth is to be entered at the left-hand side, which is closed by a collapsing door formed of upper and lower parallel bars, 10 and 10 pivotally attached to the lefthand end of the case, and connected at their otherwise free ends by a link bar, 10. parallel bars a puffed or fulled curtain, 10", is stretched vertically, whose fullness permits the necessary elongation of one diagonal when the outer ends of the parallel bars and their connecting link bar are lifted until the bar, 10, is upright above its pivot. The bar, 10, is a lever arm of a rock-shaft, 132, which extends into the case for the purpose of operating certain mechanism therein, as herein explained, and the frame, 7, is conveniently pivoted loosely on the same shaft inside the bar, 10, so that the door comprising the bar, 10, swings u outside the frame, 7 which carries the eel ing. A spring, 10 connected to a short arm, 10 within the case (see Fig. 11) operates to throw the bar, 10, to either the upper limit of the movementfor opening the door, or to the lower limit-for closing the door when the door is swung either way ast the middle point, thus insuring the comp letion of either movement when it is commenced and half performed by the voter.

The visible means for manipulating the machine for the purpose of indicating votes are push-bars, which are seen in end elevation in Fig. 1; and since this front elevation of the machine, when the doors are open disclosing these operating means, corresponds diagrammatically to the arrangement of the several mechanisms within, an understanding of that arrangement, without regard to details of mechanism, may be gained by consideration of said Fig. 1. In this figure there appears a fixed wall or plate, 11, shown also in section in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, which, when prepared for an election, presents a tabulated arrangement of the offices and candidates, the several columns separated from each other by vertically ruled lines being headed with the names of the various parties whose candidates are to be voted upon,-as for example, in said Fig. 1, Republican, Democratic, Prohibition, Peoples, Social Democratic Socialist Labor United Christian, Single TaX,-the column at the right of the last mentioned being of the same character, though without a title in the drawing. At the left of these columns, being 011 these' at the extreme left-hand side of the tabular wall or plate, 11, is a column in which there may be presented propositions to be voted upon, as indicated by the words, Yes and No; and at the right hand portion of the i tabular wall there is a column headed, Inde pendent, in which appear the means hereinafter described, by wluch the voter may cast his vote for any person whomsoever, not named upon any of the tickets presented in the other columns, for any of the offices for which the election is being held. The tabu lar space between the Yes and No column at the left and the Independent column at the right is subdivided into horizontal rows of spaces. The columns having party headings at the upper part, including thirteen of these horizontal rows, are subdivided each into three sub-columns, and from each of the rectangular spaces thus defined by the subcolumns and the horizontal rows there protrudes one of the push-bars, 14, each of which is adapted to operate interior mechanism hereinafter described for indicating a vote. These rectangular spaces, three in number in the width of each party column, and thirteen in number vertically, correspond to thirtynine offices to each of which one person only is to be elected; and the similarly situated spaces respectively in all of the party columns correspond to the same offices the titles of which will be plainly indicated in such spaces, each space having also the name of the candidate nominated for that office by the party whose name heads the column. In the next 3 horizontal rows below the upper 13 rows there is in each party column, preferably at the middle of the width thereof, one push-bar, '15, these push-bars in the party column being in vertical line with the middle column of the puslrbars, 14, in the same party column. The oblong spaces in the middle of which push-bars, 15, respectively, appear in each column contain the names of the candidates nominated by the parties respectively for offices, also indicated in said spaces, for which persons may be elected but in respect to which cumulative voting is not permitted, as, for instance, in the case of circuit judges,

the voter being privileged to cast one vote 1 for each of 3 judges if he so desires, and to select the three at will from the whole list of candidates nominated by all parties, but not to cast more than one vote for any one candidate. low those having the push-bars, 15, there are similarly arranged in each party column push-bars, 16, in vertical line with the pushbars, 15, in the columns respectively; and

these push-bars are connected with mechanism for indicating the votes which may be cast for the candidates whose names are written in the spaces respectively, for offices in which there are 3 persons to be elected, and in respect to which the law permits cumula- In the next 3 horizontal rows be- 'i tive voting, as, for example, for representatives when each district is entitled to 3 repre sentatives, and the voters are privileged to cast 3 votes, all for one candidate or 3 votes divided between two candidates, or 3 votes divided among 3 candidates. In the remaining spaces, of which there appear in the drawings five (5) below the nineteen (19) horizontal rows above indicated, at the middle of each space and in vertical line with the push-bars, and 16, are push-bars, 17, which are connected with the mechanism for indicating the votes cast for the persons therein named, to fill the offices named in said spaces respectively, in such cases as, for example, that of the members of the board of trustees or the Chicago drainage district, in which, according to law, nine persons are to be selected as trustees, and each voter is privileged to cumulate the nine votes to which he is entitled upon 5 or more persons, butnotupon any less than 5; that is to say,- so that if only 4 candidates are voted for, each candidate will receive one vote; but if 5 persons are voted for, the voter may, if he desires, give to each person receiving his vote, 1- 1/ 5 votes; or if he votes for 6 persons,

each may receive 11 2 votes; it he votes for 7, each may receive 1+2/7 votes; or if for 8, each Wlll receive 1-1 8 votes; and if he votes for 9, each person voted for will receive one full vote only. The mechanism connected With these pushbars, 17, is constructed as hereinafter described, to effect the distribution automatically in accordance with such a law.

It will be understood that in using the numbers, 3 and 9, in illustrating and describing the plan and construction of this machine in respect to the several groups of push-bars and corresponding mechanisms, no limitation is intended to these numbers, but that the same principle and mode of" operation is applicable and may be operatively applied to cases in which, for example, more than 3 candidates for offices of the same name are to be elected, with the privilege to the voter of selecting, but without the privilege of cumulating; or in cases in which more than 3 are to be elected with the privilege of cumulating; and also to cases in which more or less than 9 are to be elected with the privilege of cumulating limited otherwise than as above described.

In the column in which the words, "Yes and No appear in the several spaces, there will be presented the propositions to be voted upon respectively. Any number of such spaces may be provided instead of the eight spaces shown.

At the right-hand of the party column spaces in the column headed, Independent, there is in each horizontal line a horizontally swinging door, 101, which, being swung open exposes a card on which appears the title of the oflice to be filled, and on which, against such title, the voter may write the name of the person for whom he desires to vote. The push-bars are connected with registering mechanism h.erein after described, for indicating the votes cast by pushing them in; but it will be convenient first to describe the means for preventing overvoting.

To prevent the voter from casting for any oiiice or candidate more than the lawful number of votes, the mechanism employed in respect to the thirty-nine offices for each of which the voter is entitled to cast only one vote, and to which. the thirty-nine pushbars, 14, in each party column correspond, comprises, as the element first to be considered, thirteen series or sets of three concentric telescoped tubes, each denoted respectively, 22, 22 and 22 said series of telescoped tubes extending horizontally across the machine in positions corresponding to the thirteen lines of push-bars, 14:. For sup porting these tubes there are provided uprights, 20 and 21, the former at a position corresponding to the fore-and-aft plane of separation between the Yes and No. column and the first party column, and seen in Figs. 5 and 7, the latter at the position corresponding to the fore-and-aft plane of separation between the last party column at the right and the Independent column, and seen in Fig. 12. Each of the three tubes, 22, 22 and 22 in each. series is designed to rotate independently of the other tubes of the same series, and for that purpose is pro vided with independent support, such support being obtained in the upright, 20, by protruding the innermost tube, 22 beyond the middle tube, 22, and the latter, in turn, beyond the outer tube, 22, and forming in said upright a bearing in steps corresponding in diameter to the three tubes respectively, as seen clearly in Fig. 7, at the opposite end, in the upright, 21, for reasons which will appear in further description of the mechanism. Like independent support of the 3 tubes in each series is obtained by .causing them all to protrude through said upright, and at a little distance therefrom, the inner tubes, 22'- and 22 protrude into a step bearing in the supplemental bearing 21 which is spaced from and secured to the up' right, 21, by the shoulder bolts, 23, 23. at the ends above and below the 13 series of tubes.

It will be seen that there are 3 oflices in each party column corresponding to each of the 13 series of three tubes each. The outermost tubes of the 13 series correspond in the 13 lines respectively to the left-hand of the 1 three oflices in each party column, the middle tube to the middle oflice of the three in each column, and the inner tube to the right-hand office of the three in each column. If, for example, the left-hand space and push-bar in the upper line in each party column is devoted to the office of Governor, the voter having operated that push-bar in any one of the party columns, must thereby be prevented from operating the corresponding push-bar in any other party column unless he first retracts the one first operated. But this must not interfere in any way with his pushing either the middle or the right-hand push-bar, in the same line in the same or any other party column. All three tubes of each series are provided with slots in the path of the fingers, a, of the push-bars respectively. The slots, 1), of the middle and inner tubes in line with the left-hand push-bars in each party column are circumferentially extended so that the fingers, a, of said push-bars merely pass through them without engaging their edges to rock the tubes but the slots, 0, in the outer tubes are of such small size as to enable the finger to engage the edge of the slot when it enters it to rock the tube.

" Similarly, the slots, 7;, in the outer and inner tubes in line with the middle push-bar of each party column are circumferentially extended so as not to be engaged, while the middle tube only has its slot, 0, of such limited extent that the finger engages the tube to rotate it, and the slots, 7), of the outer and middle tubes in line with the push-bars at the right hand of each arty column are elongated circumferential y, so that the said outer and middle tubes are not engaged by the finger, but only the inner tube has its slot, 0, restricted so that the finger engages and rotates that tube. Any push-bar having been thrust in and engaged and rotated, the tube to which it corresponds will carry all the slots in that tube throughout the entire length around so far that no opening will be presented to the finger of any other pushbar in the line, and thus the voter having, by thrusting in the first push-bar for any office, temporarily registered his vote for the candidate named in the space in which said bar was located, is prevented from voting for any other candidate for that office. The voter may, however, withdraw the push-b ar which he first thrusts in, and by so doing he will rock the tube back to its initial position, and he may then thrust in the push-bar corresponding to the same office in any other party column. But by retracting the pushbar first thrust in, he will have undone or canceled the registration of the vote first indicated, as will be hereinafter apparent when the registering mechanism is described.

The mechanism operated by the push-b ars, 15, for preventing over-voting upon offices of which there are a plurality,as three,of the same name, but in which the voter is not privileged to cumulate his vote, may be understood from the upper part of Fig. 3. In the horizontal plane of the lines in which the rows of push-bars, 15, stand, there are journaled at their opposite ends in the uprights, 20 and 21, shafts, 25, corresponding in numher to the number of offices of the same name to be voted upon, -as illustrated, three.

Upon each of these shafts, in the foreandaft plane of each of the push-bars, 15, there is made fast a ratchet disk, 26, these disks corresponding in number, therefore, in the entire machine, to the total number of candidates which may be presented for the three offices of the same name to be voted upon in this manner. Adjacent to each of the ratchet disks, 26, there is mounted on the shaft a collar, 27, having extending from it a hood, 28, which overhangs and shields a portion of the toothed periphery of the ratchet disk. The collar is adapted to be secured to the shaft by a set screw, and may be adjusted as desired about the shaft. All the shafts, 25, are geared together by means of gears, 29, 29, on said shafts, respectively, one near each end near the uprights, 20 and 21, respectively; and their intermediate gears, 30, are mounted on stud axles, 30, set in said uprights, so that the rotation of any one of the shafts, 25, rotates all the shafts of the series in the same direction and through the same angle. The pushbars, 15, have each a feeding tooth, 15, to engage with the ratchet disk to which the push-bar corresponds, to rotate the disk and thereby rotate not only the shaft of that particular disk, but all the shafts and all the disks of the system, one step at a time for each thrust of any push-bar, 15. As hereinafter explained, each such thrust operates registering mechanism to indicate one vote for the candidate to whose name the pushbar corresponds. The push-bars, however, when retracted, undo and cancel the register of the votes indicated by thrusting them in, and also reverse the rotation of their respective ratchet disks, and thereby of the entire system of shafts, 25, to the extent to which they were rotated by the inthrust of the pushbar. After any push-bar has been thrust in, however, to register a vote for the candidate to which it corresponds, any other bar in the system,i. 6., in any one of the three lines in which the bars, 15, are located,being thrust in, will register a vote for the candidate to which such other corresponds, and will cause all the ratchets to advance one step the ratchet, however, which was first 'operated and with which the push-bar which operated it stands engaged, being lifted by reverse movement back past the operating tooth, 15 of the bar, so that registration of the vote which was made by the inthrust of said bar, stands unaltered. In this manner vote after vote may be registered until by the rotation of the shafts, 15, the hoods, 28, are carried around so far as to stand in the path of the operating teeth, 15, where they prevent the inthrust of any more bars, and so prevent the registration of any more votes in 

